Drying-furnace for brewersj grains



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H. ADAMS" & H. EISERT. DRYING FURNACE FOR BREWERS GRAINS, &0.

No. 507,085. Patented Oct. 1'7, 1893.

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H- ADAMS & H. IEISBRT. 4Shee ts Sheet 2.. DRYING FURNACE FOR BREWERSGRAINS, m. No. 507,085. Patented-Oct. 17, 1893.

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Patented Oct. 17, 1893.

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H. ADAMS xvi H. EISERT. DRYING FURNAUE FOR BREWERS GRAINS, 650.

N0. 507,085. Patented 0011. 17, 1893.

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, UNr'rnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY ADAMS AND HERMANN EISERT, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

DRYING-FURNACE FOR BREWERS GRAINS, 800.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 507,085, dated October17, 1893.

Application filed March 9, 1893. Serial No. 465,265. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY ADAMS and HERMANN EISERT, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Baltimore city, in the State of Maryland,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drying-Furnaces forBrewers Grains and other Substances; and we do declare the following tobe afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

Our improvements relate to that class of drying apparatus especiallyadapted for the treatment of brewers grain, malt, wheat or other grains,with a view to extracting the moisture therefrom, be it much or little,with the greatest possible rapidity and to the exact degree desired.

Our improvements have for their object to apply air of differenttemperatures to the material to be dried at the different stages of itsprogress, as may be found most effective and beneficial for producingthe result desired. For this purpose we provide a drying apparatus inwhich the air supplied to the material in its different stages may bevery nicely regulated in temperature without necessarily diminishingorincreasing the volume of the air so supplied.

A further important object of our invention is to conserve and utilizethe heat of the gen orator to the greatest possible degree, resulting ineconomy of fuel and rapidity of action of the apparatus.

Afurther object of our invention is to make the apparatus as compact andeconomical in construction as possible, consideringits great efficiency.

With such objects in view our improvements consist in the novel partsand combinations thereof hereinafter particularly set forth. 7 In orderto make our invention more clearly understood we have shown in theaccompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical effectwithout however intending to limit our improvements in their usefulapplications to the particular construction which, for the sake of.illustration, we have delineated. 1

In said drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a dryingfurnace embodying our improvements, taken on the line I-I. Fig. 3. Fig.2 is a vertical sectional view of the same on line lIlI, Fig. 3. Fig. 3is a horizontal sectional view, the four quarters of which are takenrespectively upon the four lines a, b, c, d of Fig. 1. Fig. 4: is anelevation of the apparatus.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates the fuel chamber of a furnace ofwhich the grate is indicated at A. This furnace is preferablyconstructed of brick, and lined with fire brick in the usual manner.Fuel such as coal is supplied through a hopper A to the chamber A. Y

B, B are two passages through which the fuel gases arising from theimperfect or partial combustion in the chamber A, to which a limitedamount of air is supplied, pass upward into the combustion chamber 0.The passages B are partly separated from each other by a strengtheningarch or partition B, and the lower end ofthe combustion chamber C ispartly closed by arches 0'. Above the latter arches atmospheric air isadmitted to the chamber 0 through passages D and enables a perfectcombustion of the fuel gases to take place. The air thus admitted ishighly heated preliminarily to entering the combustion chamber by itspassage and circulation through the uptake passages g which are formedbetween the walls 0 of the combustion chamber and an outer partition 0These passages are formed on two sides of the furnace, the right andleft in Fig. 1, and at their upper ends communicate with a peripheralpassage H which extends horizontally around the combustion chamberwithin the partition 0 With the passage Hcommunicate a series ofdowntake passages or ducts it through which the said air flows and isstill further heated. These ducts h are formed upon the opposite sidesof the combustion chamber other than those sides at which the passages gare situated (the right and left in Fig. 2) and terminate in the inletopenings D already referred to. Air is supplied to the passages g from aduct F which passes around the furnace from openings E and extendsbeneath the lower end of, and commu nicates with, said passages. Theopenings E are provided with dampers E by which the ingress of theoutside air may be accurately IOO regulated. \Ve thus produce what ispractically a regenerative furnace of very efficient character and onewhich is especially adapted for use in a drying apparatus.

From the combustion chamber C the products of combustion pass up theshaft K, which is also preferably constructed of fire brick, beingexposed to a very high degree of heat. The shaft K is somewhat flattenedin formthat is to say two of its sides are longer than the others, andover said longer sides the products of combustion are caused to pass,being divided into two currents and deflected downward to the right andleft by a cast iron hood M which has adouble-arched form as best seen inFig. 1. The hot gases thus'deflected pass downward through verticalpassages N which are formed upon each side of the shaft K by externalfire brick walls N. The passages N at their bottoms communicate byhorizontal openings Q with flues Rthrough which such part of the heatedproducts of combustion as it is not desired to use for the purposes ofdrying may pass directly out of the apparatus. Such direct passage ofthe gases may be entirely, or partly checked by dampers R applied atsuitable points, for instance across the openings Q.

0, O are openings formed through the walls N and furnish means ofcommunication between the passages N and mixing chambers P which latterare inclosed between the partiand rear furnace walls, through which outside air may be introduced and which are controlled by dampers u. r

Y, Vindicate front and rearair chambers. which are formed next to thefront and rear of the shaft K and which communicate at theirlower endswith the openings U. air chambers are inclosed by partitions 1) whichjoin the front and rear furnace walls n as best seen in Fig. 2. Betweenthe partition o and walls '0 are formed external air chambers V whichcommunicate with the openingsU andU Theairenteringthrough the openingsU, unless otherwise directed, as hereinafter explained, passes upthrough the chambers V and along the highly heated walls N of the shaftK, thence over the upper ends of the partitions v and into the outer airchambers V thence over the hood M, and thence down into the mixingchamber P where it mingles with the products of combustion. The airwhichenters through the opening U Y U passes up through the air chambers VSaid and thence over the hood and into the mixing chambers in a similarmanner.

V are openings from the air chambers V directly into the passages Nwhich openings are controlled by suitable dampers o.

W, W indicate horizontal air passages extending from thelowerendsofairchambersV along the sides of the furnace outside of the walls C andwithin the main walls P. These passages W receive air from the openingsU and deliver it through downwardly extending passages to and openings Sinto the, drying chambers hereinafter described. The inner and outerfurnace walls are connected by a horizontal partition W, through whichare formed vertical passages X through which cool or slightly warmedatmospheric air may pass into the lower portions of the mixing chambersP.

T, T indicate the drying chambers constructed, one or more at each sideof the furnace and contiguous to a mixing chamber P, with which theycommunicate by openings S, S through the walls P. These openings arecontrolled by suitable dampers s. The grain or other material to bedried is deposited in a suitable hopper t formed at the top of thedrying chamber, whence it is fed by a screw t through an opening 25 intothe chamber.

Referring to the chamber T, Y is a traveling belt or apron preferably ofreticulated material which passes overa roller y beneath the opening 25thence outward over a roller y a little lower than the former, thenceinward and downward over a roller 3/ and so on in a zig-zag path overrollers y, y, y, making as many traveling supporting shelves for thematerial to be dried as may be desired, or .as may be permitted by theheight of the apparatus. From the roller 11 the apron passes to a guideroller y and thence upward to the roller y, making an endless conveyer,which however does not support the material constantly but at intervalsduring its downward passage through the chamber. Y is a similartraveling apron arranged in a zig-zag manner substantially parallel withthe first apron and adapted to alternate with the same in carrying thematerial to be dried, as clearly indicated in Fig. 1. Said second apronis carried by rollers :20, m 902w and 00 The aprons are driven bypulleys on the ends of the shafts of certain of the supporting rollersand outside of the drying chamber.

Referring to the chamber T, Y indicates aninclined screen of reticulatedmaterial, a series of which screens, one below the other, is arranged inthe drying chamber in such manner that the material to be treated willpass through the opening 15 to the upper end of the uppermost screen,thence along said screen and to the end of the next screen below, and soon until the bottom of the chamber is reached. The material is agitatedand IIO its passage along the screens Y? facilitated and hastened by anysuitable movement of the screens.

The dried material is delivered at the bottom of the drying chambers toconveyers k by which it is carried laterally to the exterior of theapparatus.

Through the outer wall T of the drying chambers are formedair-exitopenings z, 2 2 which communicate with a series of air boxes ortrunks Z, Z Z The latter communicate with independent stacks or chimneysZ having dampers .2 R is an air box or conduit connecting the upper endsof the flues Z and R with an exhausting fan or apparatus R By thislatter a strong and constant current of heated air, tampered atdifferent points in the manner already described by the admixture ofexternal air, is kept up through the various passages and flues of thefurnace and through the drying room. By this means a forced draft can begiven to the furnace of any desired degree of force and the maximum heatderived from it in a given time, care being taken not to make the draftso rapid as to withdraw the combustible gases before they are entirelyconsumed.

The extent to which the exhaust apparatus draws on the furnace willdepend upon, and can be diminished by the admission of outside air ashereinbefore described.

We have thus produced a drying apparatus which, considering its greatcapacity, is most compact in arrangement and rapid, efficient, andeconomical in operation, and the action of which in all parts iscompletely under control.

The aprons Y, Y are each provided with a series of brushes Y Thesebrushes are situated just at or immediately after the points in thetravel of the aprons where they cease to convey the material, and wethus insure that immediately after each carrying portion of an apron hasdeposited its load it shall be efficiently cleaned so as to permit thefree passage of drying air and access of the latter to those portions ofeither apron which are loaded with material to be dried.

2 indicates doors through which access may be had to the drying chambersT, T for the purpose of adjusting, repairing or removing the screens oraprons.

Having thus described ourinvention, what we claim is- 1. In a dryingapparatus, the combination with the drying chambers of the furnacehaving the combustion chamber and fine K, the mixing chambers Pintermediate between said flue and the drying chambers, means fordirecting the products of combustion from said flue into the said mixingchambers, and the air heating chambers situated at the other sides ofthe said flue K and communicating at their upper ends with the saidmixing chambers, and openings for delivering the mingled air and theproducts of combustion from the said mixing chambers to the dryingchambers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a drying apparatus the combination of a furnace, air passagestherein and external to the combustion chamber, communications from saidpassages to the combustion chamber for supplying heated air to thelatter, a shaft K for the products of combustion, air chambers at thesides of said shaft, mixing chambers at the other sides of said shaft,means for directing the air from said air chambers and the products ofcombustion from said shaft into the mixing chambers, and drying chamberscommunicating with the mixing chambers, substantially as set forth.

3. In a drying apparatus the combination of a furnace having the shaft Kand mixing chamber P, the arch or hood M for directing the products ofcombustion from said shaft to the mixing chamber, means for conductingfresh air over the top of said hood to the mixing chamber, and a dryingchamber communicating with the mixing chamber, substantially as setforth.

4. In a drying apparatus a furnace having the combustion chamber 0, airpassages F, g, H and it formed in the walls of the furnace andcommunicating with the combustion chamber for delivering fresh airthereto, the descending passages N for the products of combustion andcommunicating with the combustion chamber, a drying chamber having acommunication with said passages N, air chambers in the walls of thefurnace for receiving and heating fresh air and also communicating withsaid drying chamber, and means for causing a movement of the air andgases through the furnace and drying chamber, substantially as setforth.

5. In a drying apparatus the combination with a drying chamber orchambers, of a furnace adapted to deliver heated air thereto, saidfurnace being provided with the combustion chamber 0, air passagesformed in the Walls of the furnace and communicating with the combustionchamber for delivering heated air thereto, the shaft K leading from saidcombustion chamber, a deflecting top above said shaft, passages Noutside of said shaft, flues R communicating with said passages N,mixing chambers adapted to receive the products of combustion from saidpassages N, and means for supplying atmospheric air to said mixingchambers, the mixing chambers being in communication with said dryingchambers, substantially as set forth.

6. In a drying apparatus a series of alternate oppositely inclinedreticulated surfaces for supporting the material to be dried, and airheating and directing means for supplying heated air laterally to saidseries of surfaces so as to operate both upon the bottom and upon thetop of said material, and exhausting appliance for drawing the dryingair laterally through said reticulating surfaces and the materialthereon, means for moving said surfaces to facilitate the passage of theair therethrough, and brushes situated at those points of said surfaceswhere they cease to exit openings at the other side of the aprons,support the material, substantially as set substantially as set forth.

forth. In testimony whereof we affix our signa- 7. In a drying apparatusthe combination, tures in the presence of two witnesses. 3 in a chamber,of two parallel independent HENRY ADAMS aprons, each apron beingarranged with op- HERMANN EISFJRTF positely inclined or zigzag portions,independent sets of rollers supporting said aprons, air Witnesses:

supply openings in the chamber opposite the M. M. GOWANS, l0 inclinedfaces of one of said aprons and air H. N. LOW.

